abstract：AIM:To obtain the views of specialist registrars on specialty care in the community. METHOD:Specialist registrars from five Deaneries in England completed an online questionnaire about their views on employment prospects, the role of specialty care in the community, and the need for additional training in this area. ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Azam N,Moshkovska T,Mayberry JF

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystinuria is an autosomal recessive disorder in renal tubular and intestinal transport of dibasic amino acids, which results in increased urinary excretion of cystine, ornithine, lysine and arginine. It affects 1 in 20 000 people and is caused by a defect in the rBAT gene on chromosome 2. Development of urinary tract...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Ahmed K,Dasgupta P,Khan MS

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hospital referral is indicated as an emergency for breast infections not settling with oral antibiotics. Referrals to a breast clinic over a period of 6 months were assessed for prior antibiotic prescription. A total of 1078 patients were seen during this period. 91 (8%) patients had been prescribed antibiotics, 71% o...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Twine C,Gateley CA

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The new UK Foundation Programme is competency based, with a trainee's progression dependent on achieving and demonstrating a range of competencies. However, we do not know whether all rotations, comprising different combinations of specialties, will enable the foundation programme trainees to acquire these competencie...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Higgins R,Cavendish S

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:How medical students learn and develop the characteristics associated with good teaching in medicine is not well known. Information about this process can improve the academic preparation of medical students for teaching responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to determine how different experiences cont...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Henry BW,Haworth JG,Hering P

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Micronutrients play a central part in metabolism and in the maintenance of tissue function. An adequate intake therefore is necessary, but provision of excess supplements to people who do not need them may be harmful. Single micronutrient deficiency states are comparatively easily recognised and treated. Subclinical d...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Shenkin A

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world, and has a wide geographical variation. Eighty per cent of HCC is attributed to hepatitis B virus (HBV). The predominant carcinogenic mechanism of HBV associated HCC is through the process of liver cirrhosis, but direct oncogenic effects of HB...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Park NH,Song IH,Chung YH

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute ventilatory failure is a challenging yet increasingly common medical emergency reflecting the growing burden of respiratory disease. It is not a diagnosis in itself but the end result of a diversity of disease processes culminating in arterial hypoxaemia and hypercapnia. This review focuses on key management iss...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Chakrabarti B,Calverley PM

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to examine the reasons why primary care doctors undertake postgraduate diploma studies in a mixed private/public Asian setting. METHODS:Twenty four past or current postgraduate diploma students of the family medicine unit (FMU) of the University of Hong Kong participated in three fo...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Lam TP,Lam KF,Tse EY

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common and may progress to cirrhosis and its complications. The pathogenesis of steatosis and cellular injury is thought to be related mostly to insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Therefore, management entails identification and treatment of metabolic risk factors, im...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Adams LA,Angulo P

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The selective COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs) were originally developed to minimise the adverse effects of conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) while maintaining the same analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Many large studies confirmed the improved gastric side effect profile of coxibs compare...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Sooriakumaran P

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The side effects of conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the stomach is undoubtedly a serious public health problem contributing significantly to the morbidity and mortality of patients receiving these drugs. However, the damage of NSAIDs is not confined to the stomach. Indeed the short term ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Adebayo D,Bjarnason I

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing inferior vena cava (IVC) filter insertion are not well reported. Particularly, the role of long term anticoagulation in these patients is unclear. AIMS:(1) To describe in a cohort of patients undergoing IVC filter insertion, underlying diseases, indicati...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Dovrish Z,Hadary R,Blickstein D,Shilo L,Ellis MH

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Priapism is a pathological condition of penile erection that persists beyond, or is unrelated to, sexual stimulation. Pathologically and clinically, two subtypes are seen-the high flow (non-ischaemic) variety and the low flow (ischaemic) priapism. The low flow type is more dangerous, as these patients are susceptible ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Cherian J,Rao AR,Thwaini A,Kapasi F,Shergill IS,Samman R

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis (ST) is difficult and it commonly presents at an advanced stage. The management and follow up is complicated by a lack of guidance on the appropriate use and interpretation of spinal magnetic resonance studies (MR). AIMS:A retrospective study was performed at a UK centre...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Cormican L,Hammal R,Messenger J,Milburn HJ

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Liver transplantation is a useful treatment for end stage liver disease of all aetiologies but recurrent disease presents an ongoing challenge, particularly for hepatitis C virus (HCV) where recurrence is almost universal. Immunosuppression is needed for all patients after transplantation and should be tailored to the...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Gee I,Alexander G

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance is an important concern for patients, physicians, healthcare managers, and policymakers. Inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing fuels the evolution of resistance, while poor basic hygiene facilitates the spread of resistant microbes between patients and healthcare staff. The development of infec...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Barlow G,Nathwani D

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychosis is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), particularly in its later stages. The symptoms range from comparatively minor illusions, vivid dreams, and occasional, non-disturbing visual hallucinations to frank psychosis. The pathogenesis of psychosis in PD is not fully known. Management of psychosis in PD requires...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Thanvi BR,Lo TC,Harsh DP

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish a cerebral hypoxia ischaemic model in piglets and to explore the early diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) as well as the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). METHODS:Twenty four 3 day old piglets were permanently ligated common carotid arteries b...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Cheng Y,Liu GR,Guan JT,Guo YL,Li YK,Wu RH

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of acanthosis nigricans (AN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its correlation with various anthropometric measurements in Indians. METHODS:One hundred and fifty consecutive subjects with T2DM attending the diabetes clinic at a tertiary referral centre in North India were con...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Grandhe NP,Bhansali A,Dogra S,Kumar B

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Up to one fifth of patients who present to specialist clinics with seizures do not have epilepsy. The majority of such patients suffer from psychologically mediated episodes; dissociative seizures, often referred to as "non-epileptic seizures". This paper describes the diagnostic evaluation of seizure disorders, inclu...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Mellers JD

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epilepsy is common and serious (prevalence 750 per 100 000) and has an impact upon employment, education, and driving. The diagnosis requires a detailed history including witness account. Clinicians must distinguish seizures particularly from syncope and psychogenic attacks. Electroencephalography and magnetic resonan...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Hadjikoutis S,Smith PE

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There are wide variations in survival after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The aim of this survey was to describe how equipment provision of resuscitation trolleys was deployed in a range of clinical ward areas. METHODS:The equipment in randomly selected resuscitation trolleys in all 14 South West Thames Re...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Hogh L,Kane I,Bhalla A,Ward MC

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome is characterised by the variable coexistence of hyperinsulinaemia, obesity, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. The pathogenesis of the syndrome has multiple origins, but obesity and sedentary lifestyle coupled with diet and still largely unknown genetic factors clearly interact ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Kolovou GD,Anagnostopoulou KK,Cokkinos DV

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 48 year old white woman was admitted to the hospital because of several bouts of migratory polyarthritis, weight loss, fever, and abdominal pain over a period of 15 months. She had been taking propylthiouracil 100 mg daily for three years for hyperthyroidism treatment. A test for antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantib...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Gaburri PD,Chebli JM,Attalla A,Pereira CM,Bonfante HL,Junior EV,Gaburri AK

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital heart disease is now more prevalent than acquired in pregnancy in the developed world. In pregnancy the fall in systemic vascular resistance and increase in blood volume and cardiac output can cause functional deterioration in certain conditions. A minimally symptomatic woman with good ventricular function,...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Head CE,Thorne SA

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the general use of all non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and their relation to upper gastrointestinal bleeding in view of National Institute for Clinical Excellence guidelines published in July 2001 in the UK. METHODS:Cross sectional study on all patients who were referred for endoscopy...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Lim CH,Heatley RV

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A deceased 79 year old man with a permanent cardiac pacemaker was due to be cremated, but the pacemaker generator was not detectable by palpation. A hand held metal detector to locate the device so that it could be extracted before cremation. ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Gale CP,Mulley GP

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Placebo, used here to mean an inert treatment given as if it was a real treatment, means lots of different things to different people. The structure of the article is that it begins by talking about the technical use of placebos in clinical trials, and the extent of the placebo response, then about the mechanism--"How...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： McQuay HJ,Moore RA

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary gastric lymphoma is a rare tumour. It is thought that low grade gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma has not been previously reported to occur in a patient with gastrojejunostomy. This report describes such a case. The patient presented with bleeding from non-healing stomal ulcers. The ulcers hea...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Misra SP,Misra V,Dwivedi M

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the commonest emergencies encountered by general physicians. Once haemodynamic stability has been achieved, therapeutic endoscopy is vital in control and arrest of bleeding. Various methods are available and the evidence is reviewed as to the most optimal approach. Clinical pa...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Arasaradnam RP,Donnelly MT

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To audit the current UK outpatient workload and compare this to the national standards as set out by the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) in A Quality Urological Service for Patients in the New Millennium published in October 2000. PARTICIPANTS:520 UK (NHS) and 21 Republic of Ireland (non-NH...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Gilmore PE,Shackley DC,Clarke NW,Betts CD,O'Flynn KJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been accepted that communication is of central importance in healthcare, and a core aspect of clinical competence. Many educational institutions and Royal Colleges now reflect this and consider communication skills a priority in postgraduate examination. The new examination "Practical Assessment of Clinica...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Dacre J,Richardson J,Noble L,Stephens K,Parker N

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the unique pharmacological properties of methadone and outlines its appropriate clinical application, with focus upon its use in the treatment of chronic pain. Although methadone is most widely known for its use in the treatment of opioid dependence, methadone also provides effective analgesia. Pa...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Brown R,Kraus C,Fleming M,Reddy S

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attempts were made to reduce defaulting rates for new appointments to see a consultant in a general medical and gastroenterology clinic. Despite optimising the operation of the clinic, the non-attendance rate remained unsatisfactory, and comparable to the average for the NHS. There were short term improvements in defa...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Bateson MC

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Liver transplantation is the accepted treatment for a wide variety of liver diseases in children. Over the past 10 years a number of innovative surgical techniques have been developed to overcome the shortage of size matched donors particularly in children less than 5 years of age. Graft and patient survival at one ye...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Vilca-Melendez H,Heaton ND

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 56 year old man presented with an atypical chest infection. Remote inferoposterior myocardial infarction was noted on electrocardiography and transthoracic echocardiography. Hepatic failure developed with sudden gross elevation of liver aminotransferases and coagulopathy. No primary hepatic cause could be identified...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Szawarski P,Sensky PR,Doshi M,Hudson I

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease impose a considerable burden of morbidity, mortality, and health care cost. Management guidelines outlining best practice, based largely on consensus expert opinion, were produced by a number of organisations during the last decade. Current interest in the field i...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Hurst JR,Wedzicha JA

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) anomaly is one of the macroenzymes. Macroenzymes are enzymes in serum that have formed high molecular mass complexes, either by self polymerisation or by association with other serum components. The aim of this study was to identify the properties of LDH anomaly and observe the cha...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Liu ZJ,Zhang Y,Zhang XB,Yang X

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Royal Hospital for Incurables (RHI), now known as the Royal Hospital for Neuro-Disability and situated on West Hill, Putney, was founded by Andrew Reed DD exactly 150 years ago. The RHI was thus the pioneer in modern times of long stay institutions for the sick and dying. It became one of the great Victorian chari...

journal_title：Postgraduate medical journal

authors： Cook GC

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00